An estimated 25 million people identify as transgender worldwide, approximately 1 million of whom reside in the United States. The increasing visibility and acceptance of transgender people makes it likely that they will present in general surgical settings; therefore, perioperative health care providers must develop the knowledge and skills requisite for the safe management of transgender patients in the perioperative setting. Extant guidelines, such as those published by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health and the University of California San Francisco Center of Excellence for Transgender Health, serve as critical resources to those caring for transgender patients; however, they do not address their unique perioperative needs. It is essential that anesthesia providers develop the knowledge and skills necessary for safely managing transgender patients in the perioperative setting. This review provides an overview of relevant terminology, the imperative for the provision of culturally sensitive care, and guidelines for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management of the transgender patient. Critical to the understanding of what it means to be transgender is recognition that although they are often used interchangeably, gender and sex are distinct.
We learned in Lynn's story that she was born and raised as a boy, and later in life was changed into a girl by female sex hormone treatments and major surgical procedures. Because of this past, Lynn is sometimes called a "transsexual" woman. Why did this happen to Lynn, and what is transsexualism anyways? And how does life turn out for women who have transitioned this way? In Part I we first answered some basic questions about gender and transgenderism. We learned about the nature of gender identity, about where it comes from and about what events occur in nature that interfere with correct assignments of gender.
Performed the experiments: MB AJ. The treatment for transsexualism is sex reassignment, including hormonal treatment and surgery aimed at making the person's body as congruent with the opposite sex as possible. There is a dearth of long term, follow-up studies after sex reassignment. To estimate mortality, morbidity, and criminal rate after surgical sex reassignment of transsexual persons.
Transsexual people experience a gender identity that is inconsistent with their assigned sex and desire to permanently transition to the sex or gender with which they identify, usually seeking medical assistance including sex reassignment therapies , such as hormone replacement therapy and sex reassignment surgery to help them align their body with their identified sex or gender. Transsexual is a subset of transgender , [1] [2] [3] but some transsexual people reject the label of transgender. Norman Haire reported that in [10] Dora R of Germany began a surgical transition, under the care of Magnus Hirschfeld , which ended in with a successful genital reassignment surgery.
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